Team+Brazil

=**Team Brazil - The Best Team In The World**= = =


 * Members:** Rose, Ebonie, Margaret, Natalie. **Use this space to collaborate and research for your Travel Diary Assignment.**

Team Contract
Rose, Ebonie, Margaret and Natalie will work together as a team to achieve a pass mark in Module hospitality Colleagues an customers 4571A. As a team we will strive to: - Turn up on time - Be nice to each other - Complete task on time - Commuicate with each other - Listen to each other - Stay on task - Stay in touch

Where you stayed




What you ate
The Brazilian National Drink!
 * __Caipirinha__**

1x lime 1 x tablespoon sugar ½ x cup cachaca or white rum or vodka or sake Ice

1 - Cut the lime in quarters then cut them crosswise. 2 - Put lime and sugar in a tall glass and mash with a pestle. 3 - Add the same amount of liquor on the lime juice and stirr. 4 - Add ice and stir again.

Here in Brazil, the guys that sell it at the beach put another glass upside down over it, hold both with one hand and shake.

This is a Fragrant, citrusy sweet fish that is perfumed with tangerine, Coriander and Bermuda Onion. 1 lb white fish fillets (orange roughy, sea bass ...) Salt and black pepper, to taste Butter (to grease baking dish) 1/2 teaspoon ground coriander 1-tablespoon lemon juice 1 1/2 tablespoons olive oil 2 tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro 1/2 small bermuda onion, sliced 1/2 cup white wine 1/2 cup fresh squeezed tangerine juice
 * __Peixe com Molho de Tangerina (Whitefish in Tangerine Sauce)__**

1 - Preheat oven to 400 degrees F, and butter a baking dish just large Enough to heat the fish fillets. 2 - Combine white wine and tangerine juice; set aside. 3 - Place fish in baking dish. 4 - Sprinkle lemon juice on fish, then sprinkle on the coriander and salt And pepper to taste. 5 - Drizzle with olive oil, sprinkle with cilantro and top with onion slices. Then, pour the tangerine juice/wine mix over all. 6 - Bake uncovered for 25 to 30 minutes, or until fish flakes easily.

Demographics and population

 * Ethnic group**

The only relatively isolated minority ethnic groups in Brazil are various non-assimilated indigenous tribes, comprising less than 1% of the population, who live in officially delimited reservations and either avoid contact with "civilized" people, or constitute separate social and political communities. The rest of the population can be considered a single "Brazilian" ethnic group, with highly varied racial types and backgrounds, but without clear ethnic sub-divisions. By physical type, a recent survey gives 55% "white", 38% "mixed", 6% "black", 1% "other". (However, these labels are poorly defined, because are choose according to the preference of the person being interviewed.) The ethnic origin of the Brazilians can be traced to:

Portugese, Lusitanians, Italians, Yoruba, Ewe, Bantu, Tupi, Guarani, Germans, Austians, French, Swiss, Dutch, Scandinavians, Syrian, Spaniards, Poles, Lebanese, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Irish, British, Lithuanians, Ukrainians, Russians, Czechs, Armenians, Turkish, Greeks, Slovaks, Finns, Hungarians and Romania.

Roman Catholic - 73.6% Protestant - 15.4% Spiritualist - 1.3% Bantu/voodoo - 0.3% Other 1.8% Unspecified - 0.2% None - 7.4%
 * Religions**

Climate and Environment
//total:// 8,511,965 sq km //land:// 8,456,510 sq km //water:// 55,455 sq km

Most of Brazil experiences only moderate temperature changes throughout the year, though southern states like Rio Grande do Sul have more extreme seasonal changes like those in Europe and the US. In general as you go from north to south, the seasonal changes are more defined. During the summer, which runs from December to February (school holidays coinciding), Rio and the northeast have temperatures in the high 30s. The rest of the year temperatures are generally in the mid-20s to low 30s. The south has much wider temperature variations, ranging from 15°C in the winter (June through August) to 35°C in the summer. The world's 5th Largest Country, after Russia, Canada, USA and

Places of Interest - identify interesting places and events to visit

 * Events**

Carnival started by the Romans and Greeks who celebrated the rites of spring. In the middle ages, the catholic church tried to suppress all pagan ideas, but failed when it came to this celebration. The church put Carnival into their calendars as a time of thanksgiving. Europe, Spain and Portugal gave thanks by throwing huge parties, wearing masks and fancy clothes and dancing in the streets.Carnival stays for 5 days that begin at midnight on the Friday before ash Wednesday.Every year, millions of people from around the world descend onto Rio De Janeiro to get drunk, to get high, get some sun and see some nudity and glitter.
 * Carnival**



In June, the Festas Juninas is one of the most important folkloric festivals in Brazil. In Rio, it’s celebrated in various public squares throughout the whole of the month.
 * Festas Junisas - June**




 * Festa de NS da Gloria do Outeiro**
 * 15th August**

August 15th. Music, colourful stalls and a procession onto the streets.




 * Festa da Penha**
 * Sundays in October**

One of the largest religious and popular festivals in the city.




 * New Years Eve & Festa de Lemanja**
 * 31st December**

Millions of people celebrate the new year while tonnes of fireworks are let off.


 * Interesting Places**

Every year, over 300,000 people visit the statue of Christ using the centenary Corcovado Train, the oldest tourist ride in the country. Once at the top, the huge white statue of Christ the Redeemer pays homage to Rio’s religiosity, and has become a symbol of the City and of its people, receiving all visitors with its arms open.
 * __Corcovado - Christ the Redeemer__**

In addition to the wonderful stretch of beach with great surf and umbrellas, gorgeous people to watch, you can wander through the fashionable streets to discover chic boutiques, trendy restaurants and hip cafes. On Sundays, there is a hippie market in Praça General Osório where handcrafts, clothes and souvenirs from Rio can be found.
 * __Ipanema__**

One of the most famous beaches in the world, Copacabana has the mountains and city behind it and is definitely Rio. Sit at one of the many restaurants along the beachfront to enjoy a batida or caipirinha, or take a stroll on the famous and often imitated Burle Marx designed sidewalks. In summertime, go early as it may be hard to find a spot on the sand. Also, take note that the currents are deceptively strong. A perfect place to eat, drink, relax and people watch.
 * __Copacabana__**

One of Rio's most famous landmarks, it's the best place to view the city, sea and mountain ranges. Take the funicular ride up for a glorious view of the Guanabara Bay, Botafogo beach to the North and Copacabana to the South, with the city spread in between. Be sure to check out the old open-air cable car on display that was used in the '30s. There are vendors selling coconuts and juice, as well as a food and refreshments stand.
 * __Pao de Acucar - Sugar Loaf Mountain__**

__**Pedra da Gávea**__ Located between São Conrado and Barra da Tijuca, Pedra da Gávea is a granite rock that rises 842 meters above sea level. Originally used as a lookout for ships in the Atlantic, it's now popular with rock climbers and those who want to see the glyphs carved into the rock.

__**Bonde de Santa Teresa**__ This cable car is all that remains of what used to be the principal form of transportation in the city. Starting in Lapa, by the Cathedral, cross the towering viaduct to Santa Teresa. Then you have the option to take the ride all the way to the top of the hill, or get off to see the Museu da Chácara do Céu. The views from the top rival those of Corcovado and Sugar Loaf.

__**Arcos da Lapa**__ An engineering and architectural construction work that symbolizes Rio de Janeiro’s colonial period. It was inaugurated, as reported, in 1750, under the government of Ayres de Saldanha and administered by the engineer José Fernandes Alpoim. It was built in order to end the problem of the constant lack of water in Rio de Janeiro towards the end of the XVIII century.

__**Parque Nacional and Floresta da Tijuca**__ The best place to visit to get an idea of what Rio once looked like, with over 46 square miles of tropical rain forest, walking trails, stunning views of the city, waterfalls, creeks and wonderfully varied greenery. This is the largest urban reserve in the world and it only takes about 20 minutes to immerse yourself in nature. Serious hikers can climb to the 3320 feet summit of Pico da Tijuca, while others can simply enjoy the 115 feet waterfall, Cascatinha de Taunay, at the Alto da Boa Vista.

__Monumento Nacional aos Mortos da II Guerra Mundial__
Located at Avenida Infante Dom Henrique, 75, Parque do Flamengo, this monument is dedicated to those who lost their lives in the WWII European theater of war, especially in Italy. The monument includes a small museum with military artifacts from those dark years, a mausoleum and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and is guarded by the three Armed Forces. Entry is free.

Culture - arts, society, music, language, traditions and customs



 * Street entertainer ||
 * Street entertainer ||

Brazilian society is made up of descendants of migrants from Europe, Africa, and Asia. The smallest ethnic group is the 320,000 Indigenous Indians, the original Brazilians. Poor people in rural Brazil do not have enough land. Many lose their homes and incomes and have to move to the large cities along the coast. São Paulo is the world’s second largest city with over 14 million residents. There are shortages of houses and jobs, sanitation is poor, and extreme poverty is widespread. Many children live as street kidsThe climate makes it possible for Brazilians to spend a lot of time outside, among lots of people. Perhaps this is why Brazilians are known for their sociable, outdoor way of life. In the cities, offers of tea and coffee, and lots of ‘//papo//’, (chit-chat), are a regular occurrence.
 * Photo: Mike Goldwater/Oxfam ||
 * __People and Society__**
 * __People and Society__**

Football is by far the most popular sport, and the national football team has won the World Cup five times. Famous footballers of the past and present include; Pelé, Romário, Ronaldo, and Bebeto. Athletics and other ball games are also popular. ‘//Capoeira//’, a martial arts form developed by slaves, was disguised as a dance to African music in colonial times, and is still practised today. Arts and Crafts Bahia, in the north east, is renowned for retaining historic and folkloric traditions, and many craft workers settle there. Salvador, the regional capital, has the ‘//Mercado Modelo//’ a famous market where gems such as emeralds, silver jewellery and antiques are sold. Belém, an Amazon City, is a centre for crafts that use materials from the local jungle environment.
 * __Sport__**

The world famous carnivals that take place each year in Brazil are thought to have originated from honouring the god Osiris in ancient Egyptian times. The name carnival (//carne vale//, now //carnaval// in Portuguese), came later, and refers to the feasting which took place before the fast of Lent. During ‘carnaval’ -- which takes place in the week before ‘Ash Wednesday’, in the Spring, – music, parades, dancing, singing, and partying on a grand scale, take place up and down the Brazilian coast. ‘Samba’ was brought to Rio de Janeiro by women from the Bahia area in the nineteenth century. The rhythm and dance are still popular today.
 * __Music__**

The official language of Brazil is Portugese, but English and Spanish are also fluently spoken.
 * __Languages__**

=__Traditions__= Christmas In Brazil there are many traditions. There Christmas customs are similar to ours except Santa is called Papai Noel. For families that have enough money a special Christmas meal of chicken, turkey, ham, rice, salad, pork, fresh and dried fruits and beer. Families that are poor will just have chicken and rice.

Easter In Brazil every year since 1950 the village of Fazenda has performed a passion play. Thousands of people watch as volunteers act out the arrest, trial and crucifixion of Jesus. In Rio de Janeiro one of the world's most famous carnivals is held before Lent. Carnival means goodbye to meat. This is due to the fact that people don't eat meat at Lent. In Brazil groups of people spend most of the year preparing for the carnival. They make costumes, practise music and dances for the parades. Other people make floats for the parade. It is a time for dancing, eating and drinking before the fasting of Lent. Other towns and cities in Brazil have celebrations during the Carnival period, such as Recife who are well known for their folkloric representations and two well known folk dances, the Maracatu and the Frevo. Holy Week in Brazil begins with the blessing of the palm branches, which are woven in intricate patterns representing crosses, banners, letters, and other related objects. Streets are decorated with colored patterns drawn on the road surface over which a procession walks, carrying statues of Mary and the body of Christ. A special food called pacoca, is prepared by mixing together crushed nuts and other ingredients into a paste, which is given to visitors. On Easter Saturday, Carnival makes a brief reappearance with a Hangover Ball to celebrate the hanging of Judas.

Birthday Celebrations Birthday Foods are usually small savory pasties and appetizers called "salgadinhos” and small sweets called "docinhos" and cake, of course, with candles. Very often, there'll be creamy coconut candy wrapped in colorful papers decorating the table. These are just about the yummiest birthday sweets you'll ever eat. You can order all these goodies from specialty stores called "doceiras." The birthday song is //Parabéns a você//, a version of //Happy Birthday to You//, which was introduced to Brazilians by American tourists. The Portuguese words came from a national competition among the listeners of Rádio Nacional in Rio de Janeiro in 1941.

__**Customs**__ Brazilian culture is very diverse, the North being markedly different from the South. The differences are so great that if the language, the social situation and the government weren't the same they could be different countries.

In the North the Indian culture is strong in the North but tribes still remain in rainforest. Some aren't even aware that there are other people on this Earth other than themselves. But part of the Indian culture is being lost or bought by people who want to know the precious medicinal uses for the plants of the rainforest and other important knowledge about the rainforest. Yet still, the Indians are not respected as the first inhabitants of Brazil and in the past two years there have been protests by FUNAI (National Foundation of Support to the Indian) against the constant invasions of their land.

In the Northeast Area; apart from the state capitals, which are important tourist spots and are big cities, is a poor and agricultural area. One area, known as the Sertใo, is particularly unfortunate. There is severe drought in the Sertใo, which is getting worse every year. But life in the Northeast area in general is hard - many children die each year from malnutrition and starvation. The Northeast is well-known because of its beaches and carnivals. During the carnivals, there are floats that parade through the streets playing ax้, samba, and frevo music. There is always a large crowd present to cheer them on.

The Southeast region is very well known because of Rio de Janeiro, the city of Carnaval, Samba and Pagode (a type of music that is often confused with Samba, but has a slower beat). It is the richest region of Brazil and life is very similar to big cities anywhere in the world. It’s most important cities are Sใo Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Belo Horizonte. In Sใo Paulo, there are very large communities of Italians and Japanese people, making the city the most diverse in Brazil, a melting pot of sorts.

Many Europeans, especially Germans and Italians, immigrated to the far Southeast of Brazil because the weather there was similar to that of Europe (it evens snows there) and the land was ideal for farming. For that reason, the region has small towns where the people speak German, Italian, or English (many Confederates went to Brazil after the Civil War). It is commonplace to find homes built in typical Bavarian style, and many holidays are observed that are not Brazilian holidays. Some communities have even kept the manner of dress of their ancestors. It is so different from the rest of the country that some years ago, the region tried to become independent of Brazil, but the attempt failed.

Brazilians respond better to a friendly, personal manner rather than a businesslike one, expecting the care provider to be personally interested in their problems and to take an active role in their lives. This is especially true regarding children's issues. Brazilians tend to be initially deferential with authorities but will be casual and spontaneous once a relationship is established.
 * __Cultural Courtesies__**

Many Brazilians have a different notion of privacy. They value physical presence. They prefer physical closeness, touching often when talking and hugging and kissing when greeting friends or expressing affection. People from the interior part of the country may be more formal: they may be personable and cordial, yet reserved and less verbal. Expressions of grief may be very intense and demonstrative.

__Laws and Government - find out about local laws, including issues that may lead to cultural difficulties or misunderstandings__
The Law in Brazil is federation and the legal system is based on Roman law. Executive power is exercised by the government who is headed by the president. The president is elected for a four-year term, and is allowed to be re-elected for one other term.

About 16 million people in Brazil are officially considered illiterate and poverty is represented by the various favelas (shanty towns) in the metropolitan areas. Poverty is also creeping into remote regions with low rates of economic and social development. Since the end of the country's military regime and the re-establishment of freedom of the press in the country, constant scandals involving members of the Executive, Legislative and Judiciary governments accused of participating in schemes of bribery, embezzlement, money laundering and anonymous banking have come to surface

In the past decades, the crime throughout Brazil has become rampant. Brazilian murder rates are four times higher than that of the U.S., and the vast majority of crimes remain unsolved. Street crimes represent a major problem for local residents, especially during the evenings, while in rural areas roadside robberies are common. Rio de Janeiro is considered to be in one of the most critical situations. Gunfights in favelas between police forces and criminals or rival criminal factions happen very often, resembling urban guerrilla wars. The city government has no control inside the favelas, which are ruled by drug dealers, some of whom already incarcerated but still exerting their powers from prisons. Kidnappings are a common problem in many cities of Brazil, and the country has one of the highest kidnapping rates in the world. From 10 p.m. to 6 a.m., drivers are allowed to treat stoplights as stop signs, due to the possibility of being robbed or kidnapped during nightfall.

The legal and justice system in Brazil works slowly, so slowly in fact that many of the biggest criminals are never caught. Brazil has one law for the rich and another for the poor. In Brazil the State Police forces are nominally under the supervision of the state governors but in fact associated closely with federal authorities. The State Police, by definition, are powerful forces in their states because municipal police generally do not exist. In 1982 a Military Police Women's Company was established in Rio de Janeiro. The Military Police are auxiliary army forces that can be mobilized quickly to augment the armed forces in an emergency. In the past, Military Police units were often commanded by active-duty army officers, but that has occurred less frequently as professional police officers have achieved higher ranks and positions


 * __HUMAN RIGHTS__**

Human rights are a serious issues in Brazil. An major human right issue in Brazil is regarding there prisons. They are overcrowded and unhealthy, and have over 300,000 inmates. Beatings, torture and killings by prison guards occur throughout the prison system. According to Global Justice, there have been claims of gang affiliation being assigned. Living space, food, and cleanliness conditions are inhumane and bribery for privileges and transfers is rampant.

Police violence is on of the most internationally recognized human rights abuses in Brazil. In 2003 police killed 1,194 people in Rio de Janerio and 45 police officers were killed. There are constant complaints of racism, abuses, torture, executions and disappearances. Not all states record police killings or keep accurate statistics.

In Brazil Domestic Violence is high both with children and women. The main cause of domestic violence are alcohol addiction and drugs, but the low literacy, social tension and poverty also play an important role. Not only is domistic violence a problem so is indigenous violence. A large company had moved in and taken advantage of a large area of space that indugenous tribes have lived on. Drugs and disease have been introduced into the tribe due to the people moving in on the terrain. In order to protect the land that is rightly theirs, many indigenous people attack the new arrivals and then in reture fight back which leads to violence and deaths.

Many human rights defenders who have arisen to oppose human rights vioations and their families and friends have suffer violence, percution and terrorism across Brazil. Telphone death threats are prominent and offen followed through by ambush or assassination. Goverments officials, attorneys, union leaders and evern reilgious leaders have often been targeted.