India+Population+and+Demographics

=India=

//15-64 years:// 63.1% (male 366,977,821/female 346,034,565) //65 years and over:// 5.1% (male 27,258,259/female 30,031,289) (2007 est.) || //male:// 24.5 years //female:// 25.2 years (2007 est.) || //under 15 years:// 1.098 male(s)/female //15-64 years:// 1.061 male(s)/female //65 years and over:// 0.908 male(s)/female //total population:// 1.064 male(s)/female (2007 est.) || //male:// 39.42 deaths/1,000 live births //female:// 29.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) || //male:// 66.28 years //female:// 71.17 years (2007 est.) || //food or waterborne diseases:// bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever //vectorborne diseases:// dengue fever, malaria, and Japanese encephalitis are high risks in some locations //animal contact disease:// rabies //note:// highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified among birds in this country or surrounding region; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2007) || //adjective:// Indian || //total population:// 61% //male:// 73.4% //female:// 47.8% (2001 census) || (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/in.html)
 * People || India ||
 * Population: || 1,129,866,154 (July 2007 est.) ||
 * Age structure: || //0-14 years:// 31.8% (male 188,208,196/female 171,356,024)
 * Median age: || //total:// 24.8 years
 * Population growth rate: || 1.606% (2007 est.) ||
 * Birth rate: || 22.69 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) ||
 * Death rate: || 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) ||
 * Net migration rate: || -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) ||
 * Sex ratio: || //at birth:// 1.12 male(s)/female
 * Infant mortality rate: || //total:// 34.61 deaths/1,000 live births
 * Life expectancy at birth: || //total population:// 68.59 years
 * Total fertility rate: || 2.81 children born/woman (2007 est.) ||
 * HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: || 0.9% (2001 est.) ||
 * HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: || 5.1 million (2001 est.) ||
 * HIV/AIDS - deaths: || 310,000 (2001 est.) ||
 * Major infectious diseases: || //degree of risk:// high
 * Nationality: || //noun:// Indian(s)
 * Ethnic groups: || Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) ||
 * Religions: || Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census) ||
 * Languages: || English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language ||
 * Literacy: || //definition:// age 15 and over can read and write

=Poverty in India=

Although recent positive economic developments have helped the [|Indian middle-class] a great deal, [|India] still suffers from substantial poverty. The //National sample survey organisation// (NSSO) estimated that 22.15% of the population was living below the [|poverty line] in 2004–2005, down from 51.3% in 1977–1978, and 26% in [|2000][|[1]]. The criterion used was monthly consumption of goods below Rs. 211.30 for rural areas and Rs. 454.11 for urban areas. 75% of the poor are in rural areas with most of them comprising [|daily wagers], self-employed households and landless labourers. As of [|2004], India's [|Human Development Index] is 0.611, higher than that of nearby countries line [|Bangladesh] (0.530) and [|Pakistan] (0.539), but lower than [|Vietnam] (0.709) or [|China] (0.768).

Causes of poverty in India
The major causes for poverty have been: high level of inequality arising from rural-urban divide Despite this, India currently adds 40 million people to its middle class every year.Analysts such as the founder of "Forecasting International", Marvin J. Cetron writes that an estimated 300 million Indians now belong to the middle class; one-third of them have emerged from poverty in the last ten years. At the current rate of growth, a majority of Indians will be middle-class by [|2025]. Literacy rates have risen from 52 percent to 65 percent in the same period.[|[5]] Percentage of population in 1999 – 2000 living below poverty line, by states. (Primary data: NSSO, 1999-2000.) States with lighter shades have more people living below the poverty line.
 * high level of dependence on primitive methods of agriculture
 * rural urban divide
 * 75% of indian population depends on agriculture whereas the contribution of agriculture to the GDP was 22%
 * while services and industry have grown at double digit figures, agriculture growth rate has dropped from 4.8% to 2%
 * high population growth rate,[|[//citation needed//]]
 * high [|Illiteracy] (about 35% of adult population) [|[2]]
 * [|unemployment] and [|under-employment],[|[//citation needed//]]
 * protectionist policies pursued till 1991 that prevented high foreign investment [|[3]][|[4]]